Lubricating oil



Patented Dec. 8,

UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE mesne assignments, to The Lnbri-Zdl Development Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing.

Application February 10, 1934, Serial No. 710,732

' Claims. (Cl. 87-9) My invention relates to lubricating oils and more particularly to improved methods for the production of high quality lubricating oils and such products as new compositions of matter. v

The present trend of development in the automotive industry toward speedier and more powerful motors has made the development of higher film strength lubricants a necessity. Some manufacturers are partiallygetting around this necessity, momentarily at least, by increasing the area entirely satisfactory and the products obtained by these plating methods do not stand up as desired in commercial use. Manufacturers fully realize that the lubricants that are now found on the .market are not entirely satisfactory for the present day motors and will be still less so for the motors of the .future. The very best quality hydrocarbon lubricants do not have suiliclent film strength to stand up,under the severe load imposed by motor designs. When the film of lubricants between the rubbing surfaces breaks down due to its lack of extreme pressure characteristics, there is metal-toemetal contact at the rubbing surfaces, with subsequent scratching, scunling, and seizure of the metals. 1

The most important property of a lubricant which is to perform under thin film conditions is its film strength, which may be defined as the maximum weight or load which can be applied to rubbing surfaces lubricated by the lubricant before actual metal-to-metal contact occurs with subsequent seizure of the parts. The film strength of a lubricant may be determined by a test machine which operates under a given set of conditions, such as rubbing speed, oil temperature, etc. but under varying loads. The Timken machine developed and described by the Tlmken Roller Bearing Company is probably the best test machine of this type now in use, because it gives reproducible results.

One object of my invention is to provide a-lubrihalogenated terpene, such as, pinene hydrochloride to hydrocarbon lubricants and the product rs'ulting from such addition as a newoomposition ofmatter.

The following example of my invention will act.

as an illustration of one" embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that my invention is not limited to the examples given.

One per cent of pinene hydrochloride by vol-- ume, prepared by the ordinary laboratory method,

of saturating pinene with dry hydrochloric acid, 5 added to an S. A. E. 30 mineral lubricating oil by thoroughly mixing together at a temperature of about 160 F. willfiwhen tested on the Timken machine, give a film strength of approximately 11,500 pounds per square inch at the rubbing sur- 10 face. Another sample of the same mineral oil before being blended with the pinene hydrochloride will give a film strength of approximately 6,000 pounds per square inch at the rubbing surface. The improvement, it will be noted, is ap- 15 proximatetly Smaller or larger percentages of pinene hydrochloride may be used varying from .1% to 10.0% with varying effects on the film strength. Those skilled in the art can determine the percentage of- 20 pinene. hydrochloride to be added when the knowledge of the film strength of the original hydrocarbon lubricant is available and knowing the desired film strength of the finished product.

This invention does not cover any specific 25 means of halogenating pinene and the like, since any of the well-known methods of halogenation may be employed. The percentage of halogen to be added to the pinene may be varied over rather wide limits, depending upon the desired results 30 after blending with mineral lubricants. Aslittle as 5% of halogen by weight in the pinene maybe used in some instances and quantities as great as 50% by weight 01' halogen in the pinene or more may be used in other instances. 35 Halogen derivatives of other terpenes may be employed in the ambit of my invention, but halo-'- genated pinene is one preferred terpene, because of its relative cheapness and stability when added to hydrocarbon lubricants. 40.

and readily available on the market, it is the pre- 45 ferred halogen to be used in my invention.

, creasing its film strength.

It will be understood that certain features, simcombinations and operations are of utility and u may be employed without reference to other features and sub-combinations. This is contemplated by and is within the scope of myclaims. It is further obvious that various changes may be made in details, within the scope of my claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention. It is therefore, to be understood that my invention is not to be limited to the specific details described.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

I. A lubricating 011 comprising in combination a hydrocarbon oil and a. small quantity of a halogenated terpene.

2. A lubricating oil comprising in combination a hydrocarbon oil and a. small quantity of a. chlorinated terpene.

3. A lubricating 011 comprising in combination a hydrocarbon oil and a small quantity of halogenated pinene.

4. A lubricating oil comprising in combination a hydrocarbon oil and a small quantity of ch10- rinated pinene.

5. A lubricating 011 comprising in combination a hydrocarbon oil and a small quantity of pinene hydrochloride.

WALDO L. STEINER. 

